The aim of this study is to examine the socio-economic development of all Romanian cities and towns with a Hungarian majority. Socio-economic indicators of these settlements with a strong ethnic Hungarian character were compared to similar other cities of Romania having an ethnic Romanian majority. This research examined the general socio-economic development of these settlements, as well as some components of this socio-economic development through seven complex indicators calculated from 25 indicators (per unit indicators). According to the results, cities and towns with a Hungarian majority are relatively heterogeneous. The major cities of Szeklerland have higher development level than most of the examined Romanian settlement. However, the small sized towns with a Hungarian majority along the western border of Romania have lower values than the similar settlements in their neighborhood with an ethnic Romanian majority or the small and medium sized Hungarian towns of Szeklerland.